Abstract
Abstract The world population continues to grow rapidly while resources for sustainable living dwindle and manmade ecological problems increase proportionally to the overpopulation. Family planning is required to reduce population growth in developing countries and to stabilize populations in developed countries. Contraception makes abortion superfluous and provides the key to family planning. Women increasingly demand that men share the burden and risks of contraception and — as opinion polls show — men would be willing to use contraceptives if they were available. Research has established the principle of hormonal male contraception based on suppression of gonadotropins and spermatogenesis. All hormonal male contraceptives use testosterone, but in East Asian men, testosterone alone can suppress spermatogenesis to a level compatible with contraceptive protection. In Caucasians additional agents are required of which progestins are favoured.
Highlights
Men have more and more expectation and the will to share the responsibility of family planning by using contraceptive methods
The endocrine feedback mechanism operating between hypothalamus, pituitary and testes is the basis on which hormonal approaches to male contraception rest
As in most hormonal male contraceptive studies to date, in the early studies sperm concentrations and counts were used as surrogate parameters for efficacy [3]
Summary
Men have more and more expectation and the will to share the responsibility of family planning by using contraceptive methods. Keywords World population · Family planning · Male contraception · Spermatogenesis suppression · Testosterone preparations · Synthetic androgens. Testosterone itself is a first choice as it simultaneously suppresses the gonadotropins and maintains androgenicity and testosterone alone was the first hormone tested for male contraception and remains part of any steroid combination to date.
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