USE OF SURVIVAL TIME ANALYSIS TO ANALYZE NESTING SUCCESS IN BIRDS: AN EXAMPLE USING LOGGERHEAD SHRIKES

Abstract

Abstract Ornithologists commonly estimate nest survival using the Mayfield method, which produces relatively unbiased estimates provided that key assumptions are met. However, this method cannot statistically model nest failure in relation to quantitative variables, nor can it consider the joint effects of two or more independent variables. We demonstrate the use of an alternative method, survival time analysis. Survival time analysis can incorporate nests that are found at different points in the nesting cycle and nests whose ultimate outcome is unknown. The method allows one to examine variation in nest mortality during the course of the nesting period. To demonstrate this method we analyze data on Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) nests, collected as part of a 3-year monitoring program of shrubsteppe habitat in north-central Oregon. We evaluate nesting success with respect to laying date, nest height, and annual variation in failure rate. We demonstrate three types of analyses: Kaplan-Meier estim...