Use of special knowledge in criminal proceedings

Abstract

Special knowledge is important in the formation of the evidence base in criminal proceedings. With the help of special knowledge, it is possible to establish facts and reproduce events that cannot always be determined through the testimony of participants in the process or through investigative actions. The use of special knowledge is regulated by law, but in practice there are examples of inappropriate compliance with the procedure for attracting specialists and experts as carriers of special knowledge, assigning and conducting examinations and special studies, and correctly assessing the results obtained. In this connection, the purpose of scientific research is to study the procedural requirements for the use of special knowledge in criminal proceedings and to identify problems that arise in law enforcement practice. The authors used methods of comparative analysis, formal logic and documentary control in the research process. As a result, the authors formed their view on the use of special knowledge in criminal proceedings in order to assist specialists in assessing evidence and their sources at the stage of pre-trial proceedings, presented criteria for analyzing the quality of the use of special knowledge (expert and specialist opinions) and the materials of a criminal case that influence their quality, used in the conclusions of experts and specialists in accordance with the requests of legal practice. The value of the study lies in the fact that the authors proposed independent solutions to overcome problems associated with the use of special knowledge in criminal proceedings.