Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications for the treatment of child and adolescent mental illness

Abstract

Comprehensive clinical management plans for treating depression or anxiety disorders in children and adolescents frequently include the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications. This statement reviews empirical data regarding the effectiveness of specific SSRI medications, monitoring guidelines, and potential adverse effects of SSRI use including risk of suicidality. SSRI medications can be effective in treating child and adolescent depression and anxiety disorders. Untreated depressive illness may be more harmful than appropriate use of SSRI medication. Physicians should ensure careful elicitation and documentation of baseline depressive and anxious symptoms before initiating SSRI medication. Following medication initiation, patients should also be closely monitored for potential adverse effects, including suicidal ideation and behaviour.