Abstract
The classic ketogenic diet (cKD) requires constant nutritional monitoring over time both to ensure its effectiveness and to reduce the likelihood of short- and long-term adverse effects. We retrospectively described the use of remote monitoring by e-mail during the first year of follow-up on cKD in 34 children (47% males; age range: 2−17 years) diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE; n = 14) or glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS; n = 20). All the e-mails were evaluated analyzing their frequency and content at 3, 6 and 12 months. Three families never sent e-mails. A median of 36.0 (IQR 23.0–64.0) e-mails per family were sent during the 12 follow-up months by the 31 patients. GLUT1-DS patients sent a greater number of e-mails than the DRE group (median 39.0 (IQR 25.5–56.5) vs. median 26.0 (IQR 19.0–65.0)). At the end of the follow-up period, a greater number of e-mails had been exchanged between the nutritional team and the families belonging to the group that increased its linear growth (median 83.5; IQR 48.0–102.0), compared to the other ones. Constant remote monitoring by e-mail could be a feasible and effective way for a better cKD management.
Highlights
Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) are well-established, non-pharmacologic treatments used for children and adults with medication-refractory or drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) [1], but they represent the mainstay of treatment for glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS, OMIM 606777) [2]
The aim of this study is to retrospectively describe the use of remote monitoring by e-mail during the first year of follow up on classic ketogenic diet (cKD) in 34 patients with
DRE was diagnosed in 14 children, whereas the remaining 20 had GLUT1-DS
Summary
Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) are well-established, non-pharmacologic treatments used for children and adults with medication-refractory or drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) [1], but they represent the mainstay of treatment for glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS, OMIM 606777) [2]. The most frequently used ketogenic dietary therapy for epilepsy and GLUT1-DS is the classic ketogenic diet (cKD) which is a Nutrients 2020, 12, 1833; doi:10.3390/nu12061833 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1833 high-fat, very low carbohydrate, adequate-protein diet with a high ketogenic ratio + protein in weight) [4]. This is an isocaloric ketogenic diet (IKD) as defined by Trimboli et al [5]
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