Abstract
The effectiveness of forest resources depends on the comprehensiveness and rationality of their consumption and processing into finished products. This article discusses the problem of using solid fir wood greenery residues generated during the industrial production of essential oils. Bioconversion is considered to be the most promising use. The objective of this research was to study the chemical composition of bioconversion products of fir wood greenery-based substrates. The PP-3.2 strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél was used as a biodestructor. In the process of bioconversion, the contents of polysaccharides and lignin substances is reduced to 38% and 28%, respectively. Up to 20% of protein accumulates in bioconversion products of fir wood greenery. The amount of nucleic acids is not more than 1.5 g per kg; the contents of heavy metals, such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead, do not exceed the maximum permissible concentration standards. The substrate weight loss reaches 15%. When fallen leaves and post-extraction poplar bud residues are added to the substrate, the substrate-destroying activity of fungi increases, and the protein content increases by 3%. The digestibility of products as a result of bioconversion increases 1.6–2.8 times depending on the substrate composition. The obtained data support the recommendation of post-fermented substrates based on fir wood greenery and balsam poplar biomass for use as a protein feed additive.
Highlights
Forests are distributed around the globe and are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem on the Earth (31% of the global land area)
We established the componential composition of the bioconversion products obtained in the process of cultivation of the PP-3.2 strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius on substrates formed from fir wood greenery
During bioconversion on post-extraction fir wood greenery residues, the fungus used up to 38% of the polysaccharides
Summary
Forests are distributed around the globe and are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem on the Earth (31% of the global land area). The global total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2020), more than half (54%) of the world’s forests are located in five countries: Russia (815), Brazil (497), Canada (347), the United States (310), and China (220 million hectares) [1]. In Russia, the Krasnoyarsk Territory is one of the leading forest regions, with 69.3%. Of its land area covered with forests. The forest area is 20.3% of the country’s total forest fund, i.e., 164 million hectares [2]. The main forest-forming species of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are coniferous trees. They occupy more than 75.9% of the region’s forestcovered areas that amount to 9.7 billion m3.
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