Use of Pluronic P103 Triblock Copolymer as Structural Agent during Synthesis of Hybrid Silver Nanoparticles

Nancy Tepale,Eric Flores-Aquino,Manuel Sánchez-Cantú,Valeria J González-Coronel,Adan Luna-Flores,Víctor V A Fernández-Escamilla

doi:10.1155/2019/9384072

Abstract

Dilute aqueous solutions of triblock copolymer Pluronic P103 were used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). This copolymer was used as a structural agent since monomers act as a stabilizer and micelles act as nanoreactors for nucleation and growth of Ag-NPs. The growth of the nanoparticles (NPs) was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy on the basis of measuring surface plasmon resonance absorption over a temperature range of 25 to 70°C. Shape and size of hybrid silver/P103 nanomaterials were tuned by varying the micellar structure of Pluronic P103 using a simple synthesis procedure. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to study the size and shape of the hybrid nanomaterials. It was observed that Ag-NPs synthesized without Pluronic P103 at 25°C exhibited a great variety of sizes. However, when Pluronic P103 was used below its critical micellar concentration (CMC), spherical-shaped Ag-NPs with uniform size were formed, suggesting that the copolymer had a stabilizing effect. On the other hand, when Ag-NPs were prepared with Pluronic P103 above the CMC, NPs with similar sizes as the micelles were detected, suggesting that the copolymer functioned as a nanoreactor. Furthermore, as temperature reached 35°C, oval-shaped micelles were formed and small NPs were incorporated into the crown of the micelles. Independent Ag-NPs were not observed since they used the surface of the micelles as a soft template. Therefore, it was possible to obtain tiny Ag-NPs with homogeneous size.

Highlights

Metal NPs can perform as smart structures due to certain inherent properties that make them suitable for potential technological uses in the optical [1], medical [2], catalytic [3, 4], and electronic [5] fields
When increasing the temperature high above the critical micellar temperature (CMT), a phase separation occurs at a temperature known as the cloud point temperature (CPT)
The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of Pluronic P103 concentration as well as synthesis temperature during Ag-NP formation on their kinetics, size, and morphology

Summary

Introduction

Metal NPs can perform as smart structures due to certain inherent properties that make them suitable for potential technological uses in the optical [1], medical [2], catalytic [3, 4], and electronic [5] fields. These particles are currently highly used in quotidian products [6, 7]. When increasing the temperature high above the CMT, a phase separation occurs at a temperature known as the cloud point temperature (CPT) At this point, micelles dehydrate, achieving a predominantly hydrophobic environment [10]

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