Abstract
Organo-mineral fertilizers are an opportunity for technological innovation, because allow the correct disposal of waste from various agroindustrial sectors, which is a global problem, in order to add value to the by-product generated, as prioritized in reverse logistics. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of organic matter sources on the composition of organo-mineral fertilizers in relation to the exclusive use of mineral fertilizers in cultivation of grain sorghum. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Federal Institute of the Triângulo Mineiro, located in the municipality of Campina Verde, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and four replications arranged in a 4 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to: four levels of organo-mineral fertilizers (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the recommended dose of phosphorus), two sources of organo-mineral fertilizers (sewage sludge and filter cake), and two controls (without and with recommended mineral fertilization). The evaluations were: height of stem, number of leaves and stem diameter at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing (DAS); total plant height; dry mass of plant shoot at 90 DAS, in vitro digestibility of organic matter at 90 DAS; the relationship of leaf area/ leaf and leaf area/ plant at 90 DAS. All parameters obtained a significant effect for the levels of organo-mineral fertilizer, independent of organic source, except to number of leaves and stem diameter. However, the relationship between the two organic sources was not significant just to plant height at 60 DAS. Interaction between fertilizer levels and organic source occurred to plant height at 90 DAS, dry mass per plant at 90 DAS and in vitro digestibility of organic matter. There was good adjustment in the quadratic regression equation for sorghum growth.
Highlights
The sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a native plant of northwest region of Africa, with tropical climate and short-day, belongs to the group of grasses (C4), has been cultivated in a wide range of latitude
The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and four replications arranged in a 4 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to: four levels of fertilization with organo-mineral fertilizers (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the recommended dose of phosphorus), two sources of organo-mineral fertilizers (Table 2), and two controls
The analysis of variance showed a significant effect of levels of organo-mineral fertilization for variables plant height, leaf area, dry mass and in vitro digestibility of organic matter (Table 3)
Summary
The sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a native plant of northwest region of Africa, with tropical climate and short-day, belongs to the group of grasses (C4), has been cultivated in a wide range of latitude. It is tolerant to high temperatures and water deficiency, due to its leaf characteristics of xerophytic plants and efficient morphological mechanism (Andrade-Neto et al, 2010), which makes it cultivable in the summer season. Organic compounds when available can promote the quality of soil and efficiency in the production of plants, because influence in its chemical, physical and biological attributes. That brought an innovative agricultural input on production of organo-mineral fertilizers, which allow a greater use of available nutrients than conventional fertilizers. Other potential benefits of organic matter added in fertilizer is the control of phytopathogens of soil. Other potential benefits of organic matter added in fertilizer is the control of phytopathogens of soil. Tomazeli et al (2011) observed the increase microbial activity of decomposing agents, there is a reduction number of survival structures of pathogen and this minimizes the symptoms of disease in plants caused by fungus jas.ccsenet.org
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