Use of oral contraceptives in the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

In addition to the benefits of contraception, oral contraceptives (OCs) are commonly prescribed for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to improve the clinical and metabolic parameters associated with this disorder. However, women with PCOS are at increased risk of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome and, therefore, may also be at increased risk of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease. OCs are contraindicated in women at increased risk of both venous and cardiovascular events; therefore, we must reconsider the routine use of OCs in women with PCOS who may also be at increased risk of either venous or arterial events. Furthermore, some studies have shown that the use of OCs is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity. Therefore, OCs should not be used as a monotherapy in women with impaired glucose tolerance. Finally, weight loss and lifestyle changes, including exercise and reducing caloric and saturated fat intake, are important in the treatment of obese patients with PCOS.