Use of Modified Silica as Selective Adsorbent on Exhaust and Dissolved Gases

Abstract

Emissions are substances that enter the air, whether or not they have the potential as pollutants. Emission gases can have adverse effects on the health of living beings, especially humans, and can contribute to an increase in the Earth's temperature. Therefore, separation efforts are needed to minimize the negative impacts caused by them. Adsorption method was categorized as absorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane. Although there were shortcomings in adsorbing emission gases through the method, it remained a promising approach. Adsorption was recognized for its economic viability, technological effectiveness, thermally stability, corrosion resistance, high load capacity, and tunable surface properties. However, adsorption materials were categorized as porous carbon, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous polymers, and porous silica. A significant limitation of the method was its susceptibility to decreased capacity in the presence of water vapor. The analysis results showed that porous silica became a superior adsorption material due to its high porosity, which facilitated rapid gas diffusion. To enhance selectivity and adjust pore size, material modifications, particularly silica, became necessary. This showed that surface modification for silicasupported the improvements in selectivity and pore size.