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Abstract
BackgroundObesity and lack of physical activity are major health risk factors for many life-threatening diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. The use of mobile app interventions to promote weight loss and boost physical activity among children and adults is fascinating owing to the demand for cutting-edge and more efficient interventions. Previously published studies have examined different types of technology-based interventions and their impact on weight loss and increase in physical activity, but evidence regarding the impact of only a mobile phone app on weight loss and increase in physical activity is still lacking.ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a mobile phone app intervention for reducing body weight and increasing physical activity among children and adults.MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Web of Science electronic databases were searched for studies published between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2019, without language restrictions. Two experts independently screened all the titles and abstracts to find the most appropriate studies. To be included, studies had to be either a randomized controlled trial or a case-control study that assessed a mobile phone app intervention with body weight loss and physical activity outcomes. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool was used to examine the risk of publication bias.ResultsA total of 12 studies involving a mobile phone app intervention were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the use of a mobile phone app was associated with significant changes in body weight (−1.07 kg, 95% CI −1.92 to −0.21, P=.01) and body mass index (−0.45 kg/m2, 95% CI −0.78 to −0.12, P=.008). Moreover, a nonsignificant increase in physical activity was observed (0.17, 95% CI −2.21 to 2.55, P=.88).ConclusionsThe findings of this study demonstrate the promising and emerging efficacy of using mobile phone app interventions for weight loss. Future studies are needed to explore the long-term efficacy of mobile app interventions in larger samples.
Highlights
MethodsOverweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), and physical inactivity are major preventable public health problems that are linked to increased risks of chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and cancer [1]
The use of mobile app interventions to promote weight loss and boost physical activity among children and adults is fascinating owing to the demand for cutting-edge and more efficient interventions
We considered all studies if they met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) reported a mobile app intervention for change in body weight, BMI, or waist circumference; and (3) reported a mobile app for weight loss among children and adults compared with a control group
Summary
MethodsOverweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), and physical inactivity are major preventable public health problems that are linked to increased risks of chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and cancer [1]. An intervention that helps to motivate people to undertake a change in lifestyle, offers pragmatic goal settings, and offers feedback on activity rates can help maintain weight loss and greatly increase physical activity [6,7]. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a mobile phone app intervention for reducing body weight and increasing physical activity among children and adults. Studies had to be either a randomized controlled trial or a case-control study that assessed a mobile phone app intervention with body weight loss and physical activity outcomes. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the promising and emerging efficacy of using mobile phone app interventions for weight loss. Future studies are needed to explore the long-term efficacy of mobile app interventions in larger samples
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