Abstract
Background: One of the common causes of respiratory distress in neonate is persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) and has been estimated to occur in 2 per 1000 live born term infants.
 Objective: To evaluate the effect of injectable Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) in the treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn.
 Methodology: It was a prospective, nonrandomized, clinical study conducted from August 2015 to July 2017 among 25 neonates having moderate to severe PPHN in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital. Injectable Magnesium Sulphate was used along with other supportive management. Outcome measures include drop of pulmonary vascular resistance and increase oxygenation. Side effects of Magnesium Sulphate were observed and outcome was recorded. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 17.
 Results: There was significant improvement of oxygenation and decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance at 72 hours after use of MgSO4 (p=000). Complications were present in 28% cases which include hypotension in 16% patients, urinary retention in 8% and altered GI function in 8% cases. Mortality was 16% among study population.
 Conclusion: MgSO4 is effective in improving oxygenation and reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance in PPHN
 Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10 (2) Jan 2019: 370-372
Highlights
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of newborn (PPHN) may result when pulmonary vascular resistance fails to fall after birth
MgSO4 is effective in improving oxygenation and reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance in persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN)
PPHN is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left shunting through the foramen ovale, with or without a patent ductus arteriosus, causing arterial hypoxia even with 100% FiO2.1 Persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn (PPHN) is a neonatal emergency which requires immediate intervention.[2,3]
Summary
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of newborn (PPHN) may result when pulmonary vascular resistance fails to fall after birth. Before a baby is born the muscle surrounding the pulmonary arteries is tightly constricted resulting in a very high pressure in these arteries. PPHN is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left shunting through the foramen ovale, with or without a patent ductus arteriosus, causing arterial hypoxia even with 100% FiO2.1 Persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn (PPHN) is a neonatal emergency which requires immediate intervention.[2,3]. One of the common causes of respiratory distress in neonate is persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) and has been estimated to occur in 2 per 1000 live born term infants
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