Abstract
Structured lipids (SLs) were produced from the free fatty acids of Echium oil and tricaprylin by enzymatic acidolysis reactions. Lipozyme® RM IM, immobilized sn-1,3 specific lipase was used in the enzymatic reactions. In order to optimize the incorporation of stearidonic acid (SDA), three factors were chosen [Reaction temperature (50-60 ºC), reaction time (6-12 hour) and substrate molar ratio (3-6 mol/mol (total free fatty acids/tricaprylin)] for the application of response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite circumscribed design (CCC) with five levels. The optimum temperature, time and substrate molar ratio obtained from the models were 60 ºC; 6 h, 6 mol/mol, respectively. Furthermore, SLs with 6.2% SDA content at sn-2 position were produced by scaling up the process. SL was obtained with nearly 78-79% of long-chain fatty acids at the sn-2 position. According to the melting profile analysis, the melting peaks of tricaprylin and Echium oil were sharper and narrower while the SL had more broadened peaks.
Highlights
The health benefits of medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are well documented and today’s biotechnological improvements allow for the production of Se produjeron lípidos estructurados (SL) which include both of these fatty acids in one triacylglycerol (TAG) molecule
MCFAs do not further esterified as a newly synthesized TAG molecule; they have a low tendency to be deposited as body fat which is beneficial for the control of body weight (Akoh et al, 2002; Osborn and Akoh, 2002)
The fatty acid profile of Echium oil fatty acids was found to be close to the Echium oil fatty acid composition (Guil-Guerrero et al, 2000; Özcan, 2008; Bilgiç and Yeşilçubuk, 2012)
Summary
The health benefits of medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are well documented and today’s biotechnological improvements allow for the production of SLs which include both of these fatty acids in one triacylglycerol (TAG) molecule. The production of MLM-type SLs with medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs, C6-C10) at sn-1 and sn-3 positions, and long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (LCFAs, C12-C24) at sn-2 position has gained attention for clinical and nutritional purposes (Osborn and Akoh, 2002). MCFAs do not further esterified as a newly synthesized TAG molecule; they have a low tendency to be deposited as body fat which is beneficial for the control of body weight (Akoh et al, 2002; Osborn and Akoh, 2002). LCFAs are absorbed as sn-2 monoacylglycerol (MAG) through lymphatic system and are mainly used in biosynthetic processes (Mu and Hoy, 2004)
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