Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut in ten sugarcane genotypes during two consecutive cycles, in the absence and presence of limestone. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replications, in the presence and absence of liming in the following sugarcane genotypes: G1 (RB002754), G2 (RB021754), G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G5 (RB93509), G6 (RB951541), G7 (RB962962), G8 (RB992506), G9 (SP79-1011), and G10 (VAT90-212) for genotype x environment interaction. The lowest incidences of red rot were observed in G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G8 (RB992506), and G9 (SP79-1011) for plant cane, and in G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G5 (RB93509), G8 (RB992506), and G9 (SP79-1011) for ratoon. All genotypes were susceptible to Colletotrichum falcatum, but limestone reduced its incidence in G3 (RB041443), G6 (RB951541), and G10 (VAT90-212) during the first growth cycle, and in G1 (RB002754), G2 (RB021754), G5 (RB93509), G6 (RB951541), G7 (RB962962), and G10 (VAT90-212) in the ratoon crop. Liming also reduced the incidence of brown leaf spot in G4 (RB863129), G6 (RB951541), and G9 (SP79-1011) in plant cane and G6 (RB951541) and G7 (RB962962) in the ratoon crop. Only the G9 genotype (SP79-1011) showed an incidence of smut. The genotypes had different incidence levels of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut diseases, which varied in the presence of limestone. Limestone use reduced disease incidence as a function of genotype and cutting cycle.
Highlights
Since diseases evolve from pathogen-host-environment interactions and vary with the region, the importance of sugarcane diseases in each environmental condition is difficult to classify (Borém et al, 2017)
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut in ten sugarcane genotypes during two consecutive cycles, in the absence and presence of limestone
All genotypes were susceptible to Colletotrichum falcatum, but limestone reduced its incidence in G3 (RB041443), G6 (RB951541), and G10 (VAT90-212) during the first growth cycle, and in G1 (RB002754), G2 (RB021754), G5 (RB93509), G6 (RB951541), G7 (RB962962), and G10 (VAT90-212) in the ratoon crop
Summary
Since diseases evolve from pathogen-host-environment interactions and vary with the region, the importance of sugarcane diseases in each environmental condition is difficult to classify (Borém et al, 2017) Primary diseases such as smut (Sporisorium scitaminae) and red rot (Colletotrichum falcatum), as well as secondary such as brown leaf spot (Cercospora longipes), can lead to high losses in sugarcane yield; the behavior of improved genotypes against these pathogens must be understood (Silva et al, 2014; Mielezrski & Lopes, 2020). Smut is a disease found in all Brazilian producing regions and may lead to losses of up to 100% in susceptible varieties (Silva et al, 2014; Mielezrski & Lopes, 2020) It can be identified by a black appendix, known as a whip, at the plant apex, which arises after pathogen penetration at the base of buds and new leaves. Given the importance of screening new sugarcane genotypes for disease tolerance and liming benefits, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut in ten sugarcane genotypes for two consecutive cycles, with and without liming
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