Abstract
compared with use of the femoral vein are well described.le4 Our technique adds to these advantages the following: (1) improvement of torque control of the catheter; (2) ability to perform transseptal puncture and balloon and blade atria1 septostomy in patients with interrupted inferior vena cava and azygos continuation (to avoid surgical septostomy); and (3) avoidance of ductal venosus constriction during catheter exchange.
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