Abstract
Early potatoes are mainly used for food. In tubers varieties early term maturation contains less starch, but they differ a good taste. Getting the potato harvest in the early days, when the range of domestic vegetables is not large is very important and can compete with imports. Potatoes have increased requirements for soil moisture. The transpiration coefficient of potatoes varies depending on meteorological factors, agro-technical measures, as well as on the varietal properties of the plant itself. Getting the potato harvest in the early days, when the range of domestic vegetables is not large is very important and can compete with imports. Potatoes increased the requirements for soil moisture. The risk of potato cultivation from uneven rainfall distribution during the growing season and from the difference in years can be reduced by using irrigation. Early potatoes, while ensuring all factors manages to give a good harvest on July 15 at harvest 30 July high yield. The use of irrigation can increase yields by 50.0–55.1 % depending on the term of harvesting tubers.
Highlights
Potatoes are mainly used for food
Vitamin C is found a lot in the upper layers of the tuber, closer to the peel and is used as a food during the harvesting period, when the peel is young and easy to clean, more effective as it contains more nutrients
The risk of potato cultivation from the uneven distribution of rainfall during the growing season and from the difference in years can be reduced by using irrigation
Summary
Potatoes are mainly used for food. The recommended daily intake is approximately 300...400 gr, which provides 10 % of the physiological calorie requirement. The volume of imports of food potatoes to Russia in 2018 was at the level of 755.7 thousand tons, which is 10.2 % (86.3 thousand tons) less than in 2017 (Fig. 1, 2). The volume of imports from this country in 2018 amounted to 351.5 thousand tons, which is 8.5 % (27.5 thousand tons) more than a year earlier. Total deliveries of potatoes in 2018 from countries not included in the TOP 5 suppliers amounted to 9.5 thousand tons (1.3 % of total imports). The main countries-suppliers of potatoes to Russia in January-April 2019: Egypt-59.4 thousand tons (decrease in supplies compared to January-April 2018 amounted to 75.6 %) and Belarus – 54.3 thousand tons Irrigation will improve the soil moisture regime and create optimal conditions for the development of early potatoes
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