Abstract
<strong>Abstract</strong><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study is to report the use of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) in dogs presenting with suspected tremorgenic mycotoxicosis based on signs of intoxication and known ingestion of mouldy food or compost.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>ILE is being used for toxicoses associated with fat soluble agents. As tremorgenic mycotoxins are lipophilic in nature, the use of ILE may be of benefit in these patients. </p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of all dogs examined at any Vets Now clinic between November 2012 and November 2016, in which ILE had been used, were reviewed and 53 cases were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 96% of cases there was clinical improvement recorded post ILE administration within a median time of 4 hours. No adverse effects were seen during the infusion or up to the time of discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The administration of ILE seems to be associated with a beneficial effect in the short term in dogs. Prospective evaluation of this therapy is warranted to further evaluate the use of ILE in these cases.</p><a href="https://ctt.ac/UQ947" target="_blank"><img style="border: 0px none; width: 79px; height: 33px; margin: 0px; float: left; outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/d225a799e9a6edf193d7484f0/images/e989acbf-a9e8-41d9-ade3-1c24637fcbdd.png" alt="" width="79" height="33" data-file-id="2781617" /></a><br /><br /><img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />
Highlights
Tremorgenic mycotoxicosis is a common intoxication in dogs, due to their indiscriminate eating habits
The purpose of this study is to report the use of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) in dogs presenting with suspected tremorgenic mycotoxicosis based on signs of intoxication and known ingestion of mouldy food or compost
As tremorgenic mycotoxins are lipophilic in nature, the use of ILE may be of benefit in these patients
Summary
Tremorgenic mycotoxicosis is a common intoxication in dogs, due to their indiscriminate eating habits. The most common signs of tremorgenic mycotoxin exposure reported to the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) include ataxia, tremors, restlessness, hyperaesthesia, tachycardia and vomiting. 20 mycotoxins have been identified as tremorgens. Those most frequently reported to affect dogs are penitrem A and roquefortine C, which are produced by Penicillium spp (Eriksen et al, 2010). The tremorgenic mycotoxins present in contaminated food are thought to cross the blood-brain barrier due to lipophilic properties (Schell, 2000). Multiple mechanisms of action have been suggested for tremorgenic mycotoxins. A similar interference with neurotransmission within the cerebellum is thought to be the reason behind the characteristic tremor in dogs (Eriksen et al, 2010);it is generallybelieved that the mechanism of action differs for each toxin involved in the exposure. As tremorgenic mycotoxins are lipophilic in nature, the use of ILE may be of benefit in these patients
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