Use of intellectual sensor technics for monitoring and search-and-rescue operations

Abstract

The article studies methods for improving the organization of search and rescue operations involving aviation search and rescue facilities using sensor networks, monitoring-signal sensing and geographic information technologies. When collecting information from remote sensors with a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), it is necessary to search for such a UAV flight path, which will enable to read data from all the sensors minimizing the total distance traveled and fuel consumption of the UAV. This task is a classic geometric traveling agent problem that can be solved by one of the known methods of combinatorial optimization (method of exhaustive search, branch and bound method, etc.). However, these methods do not always produce optimal solutions and require a lot of computation time, and therefore require improvement. This is possible using some euricability approaches. So, the article provides an improved method of collecting information from remote sensors using a UAV, which is different from existing by the fact that instead of lining the route of the UAV on all sensors, the route is laid on the centers of mass of groups of sensors. This allows reducing the dimension of the problem (increasing the efficiency of its solution) and significantly (17-23%) reducing the total path. A variant of the practical implementation of wireless sensor network using Arduino evaluation boards and radio modules HVee was suggested. The models collected on their basis allow us to solve a number of applications such as monitoring environmental parameters, vehicle or UAV chassis control.