Abstract
ABSTRACT Due to the doubts and questions about the inflammatory reaction caused by chemical castration, this study aimed to use infrared thermography to detect, evaluate and monitor the inflammatory reaction caused by the intratesticular injection of calcium chloride (CaCl2) 20% with lidocaine 1%. For this, thermographic measurements were taken before (M0), 10 minutes (M1), 1 and 6 hours (M2 and M3), for 7 consecutive days (M4 to M10), at 15 (M11), 30 (M12) and 60 (M13) days after intratesticular injection. Additionally, changes to testicular tissue and effects over spermatogenesis were evaluated by andrological exam before (M0) and 60 days (M13) after intratesticular injection. All cats were orchiectomized at M13, and testicles were submitted to histological analysis. CaCl2 (20%) with lidocaine (1%) administration produced testicular tissue damage and interfered with the spermatogenesis in 70% of treated cats without exacerbating the inflammatory reaction or impairing the cat’s welfare. It was concluded that thermographic evaluation is a useful, efficient, easy and quick method to diagnose and monitor cat testicular inflammatory reactions.
Highlights
Due to stray population control needs and welfare maintenance, alternatives to surgical castration have been studied, which are less costly, have fewer adverse effects and save time for veterinary practitioners
Chemical compounds, used as a chemical castration method when injected into the testis, can cause an inflammatory reaction that may progress to testicular degeneration, and it is one of the causes of infertility in males (Nascimento and Santos, 2003)
Faced with the need to obtain a chemical castrating substance that does not interfere with animal welfare, the aim of this study was to detect, evaluate and monitor the inflammatory reaction caused by the intratesticular injection of 20% CaCl2 with 1% lidocaine by infrared thermography, as well as the effects on spermatogenesis according to andrological exam and testis histology
Summary
Due to stray population control needs and welfare maintenance, alternatives to surgical castration have been studied, which are less costly, have fewer adverse effects and save time for veterinary practitioners. Technique sensitivity, simplicity, objectivity, quickness, safety for the patient and operator, and excellent cost benefit, this diagnostic method is receiving attention in the biomedical field (Pereira, 2012). It has been used as an adjuvant for breast neoplasia diagnosis, vascularization disorders, and sports medicine (Fernández-Cuevas et al, 2015). In veterinary medicine, infrared thermography is mainly used to diagnose equine soft tissue injuries (Çetinkaya and Demirutku, 2012), bovine thermal reproductive stress indicators (Menegassi et al, 2014), and we hypothesize to be an instantly effective method to diagnose inflammatory reactions of the cat testis after sclerosing substance injection for chemical castration
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