Abstract
For a fast developing economy like India, expansion, rehabilitation, and maintenance of transportation infrastructure is crucial and require huge quantities of high quality natural aggregates. Meanwhile, vast amounts of industrial wastes accumulating in the country pose problems related to safe and sustainable disposal. The present study investigated possible utilisation of marble dust, a waste from stone industry, and fly ash, a waste from thermal power stations, as filler materials in open-graded friction course mixes. Open-graded friction course mixes incorporating fly ash, marble dust, and two sources of stone dust as filler fractions were designed and evaluated for mix design properties including draindown, abrasion loss, air void content, and permeability. Morphology of each filler was characterised through scanning electron microscopy. Physicochemical properties of fillers were examined through Rigden voids, German filler test, methylene blue, and hydrometer analysis. Analysis of variance using Fisher multiple comparison procedure was performed to evaluate the effect of filler type on design properties of open-graded friction course mixes. Regression analysis using forward selection technique was performed to identify significant filler characteristics influencing open-graded friction course properties. Results showed that filler type affected open-graded friction course design parameters significantly. Open-graded friction course mixes with marble dust showed promising performance with lowest draindown, and highest durability, air voids, and permeability. Regression analysis identified Rigden void content of filler materials as a major filler characteristic affecting the mix design parameters of open-graded friction course mixes.
Highlights
Open-Graded Friction Course (OGFC) mixes are wearing courses mainly used for high speed, high volume corridors to improve acoustic and hydraulic properties of the pavement
As same aggregate gradation was used in all the mixes, the difference in Air voids (AV) at a particular binder content is attributed to the characteristics of filler materials
The present study investigated the possible use of two industrial wastes in Open-Graded Friction Course mixes and their effect on draindown, abrasion, air voids, and permeability characteristics
Summary
Open-Graded Friction Course (OGFC) mixes are wearing courses mainly used for high speed, high volume corridors to improve acoustic and hydraulic properties of the pavement. Reuse or recycling of waste materials yields dual sustainability benefits regarding reduction in landfill space needed for their disposal and curtailing the demand for virgin materials In this regard, many studies have reported the use of waste materials on evaluation of structural properties of asphalt and cement concretes, and on cost, environmental, and life cycle assessment aspects (Anastasiou et al 2015; Al-Hdabi 2016). Study conducted by Chandra, Choudhary (2013) with three industrial wastes (FA, MD, and granite dust) showed that Rigden voids (RV) and fineness of fillers had pronounced effect on optimum binder content and performance of dense-graded HMA mixes. Compared to mixes with limestone dust as control, the introduction of phosphorous slag as filler showed a significant increase in indirect tensile strength, moisture damage resistance, and rutting resistance of HMA mixes. Use of industrial wastes as potential alternative filler for OGFC mixes is beneficial from the environmental and economic standpoint
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