Use of Hyaluronic acid fillers in treatment of periorbital melanosis induced by tear trough deformity: Anatomical considerations, patient satisfaction, and management of complications.

Abstract

Periocular melanosis (POM) due to shadow effect of tear trough deformity (TT) does not respond to the conventional treatment modalities. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are a favurable treatment modality. This area is a high risk for injectables due to its unique anatomy. To find role of HA fillers in treatment POM due to TT deformity with special emphasis on practical anatomy, patient satisfaction rate, and management of complications. A correlation of the grade of TT, age of the patient, and patient satisfaction was done. A follow-up at 1year was done to assess longevity of results. Retrospective study of 60 cases of clinically diagnosed POM (120 TT) due to TT deformity was performed. Each patient was injected with 1ml, cross-linked HA 22.5mg/ml in under-eye area using 30 G needle or a 25 G cannula. Follow-up was done at 2weeks, 4weeks, and 1year. Mean age of patients was 36.4years. Majority of patients, that is, 31 (52%) were in the age group of 30-40. As per Hirmand's classification, 46.6% (28/60) had grade 2 TT which was most common. We graded results in the form of VAS and 80% patients had VAS>7. There were no major side effects. Hyaluronic acid fillers are promising treatment modality without any major side effects. Both needle and cannula can be used effectively. Patient satisfaction is higher in younger patients with low grade of TT and results persisted in all cases for a minimum of 1year.