Abstract
Xanthan, a biopolymer with extensive industrial applications, is commercially produced by fermenting glucose or sucrose using the bacteria Xanthomonas. Green coconut shells, rich in nutrients, could be an alternative substrate to obtain xanthan. This study aimed to evaluate the production and rheological properties of xanthan obtained on different fermentation scales using green coconut shells as the substrate, using its production from sucrose for comparison. Media containing minimal nutritional requirements (carbon, urea, phosphate) were prepared. Upon changing from the conventional medium to the alternative medium there was a 30% increase in production using the shaker and 81% increase using the bioreactor. Increasing the fermentation scale resulted in an increased yield of xanthan and a 30% increase in apparent viscosity. Coconut shells deserve special attention, constituting a possibility for the large scale production of xanthan with cost reduction and application of a residue.
Highlights
Xanthan is an exo-polysaccharide produced by the plants or synthetic polymers, which are cheaper but anaerobic microorganism Xanthomonas campestris by have less specific properties for the tertiary extraction fermenting simple carbohydrates generally extracted of petroleum from deep wells[2,6]
The green production of xanthan gum contains glucose as the coconut shell is composed of a high concentration of carbon source, and the conventional media used in directly fermentable carbohydrates
The production of xanthan gum from green coconut shells was higher than that obtained from sucrose on both scales tested, and with the alternative substrate the production was greater in the bioreactor
Summary
Xanthan is an exo-polysaccharide produced by the plants or synthetic polymers, which are cheaper but anaerobic microorganism Xanthomonas campestris by have less specific properties for the tertiary extraction fermenting simple carbohydrates generally extracted of petroleum from deep wells[2,6]. Xanthan gum is from sugarcane, corn or beetroot, and is widely used imported for about US$ 10-18/Kg, but if manufactured in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical areas, with in Brazil from sucrose, the cost is estimated to decrease a potential use by the petrochemical industry in the by 40 to 60%[2,7]. This cost would further decrease if exploitation of petroleum.
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