Use of GRE as MOC for High Pressure Produced Water Disposal Pipeline

Abstract

Abstract During the process of extraction of oil from onshore or offshore oil reservoir, produced water is also extracted as byproduct from the reservoir along with crude and associated gas. This Produced water (PW) is separated from oil and gas in crude oil separation train. Crude oil is further treated in multistage separation and desalting / dehydrator. Produced water which is typically separated in crude oil trains and is routed to Produced Water Treatment (PWT) package where it is further processed to meet the required injection water quality, either it is disposed to the aquifer and / or used for water injection in reservoirs. Produced water generally contains dissolved gases (at equilibrium conditions) such as Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), Carbon dioxide (CO2) along with various salts coming from reservoir such as Chlorides, Sulfate, Bicarbonate etc. All such constituents make the produced water highly corrosive in nature and mandate appropriate material selection and corrosion management which may lead to increase in CAPEX by using exotic material and associated increase in cost of construction. OPEX to manage integrity and maintenance cost during service life as well as respective HSE & integrity risks. All the above are triggers for escalation of project cost and if there is disposal produced water pipeline operating at high injection pressure then this cost can escalate further.