Abstract
In addition to essential macronutrients and micronutrients, bioregulators, biostimulants or bioactivators are being increasingly used on agricultural crops with important outcomes. Therefore, improved knowledge on the functioning of these chemicals on plants is needed. Based on the assumption that foliar fertilizers applied at specific times promote soybean growth, development and yield, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the biometric, biomass, physiological, nutritional and grain yield parameters to increase knowledge about specific fertilizers applied alone or in combination and at different stages of soybean growth and development. The present study was performed in partnership between the Goiano Federal Institute (Instituto Federal Goiano), Campus Rio Verde, state of Goiás (GO), Brazil, and the company Tecno Nutricao Vegetal e Biotecnologia Ltda. A randomized block experimental design was used with four replicates. The biometric, physiological, nutritional and yield data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test when significant differences were found at p 0.05 using the SISVAR software. In the emergency and early use of Tonik combined with Nodumax and PreventCoMo, in the vegetative phase, the Lumix combined with Vivat or VivatMn in the reproductive stage of flowering, 2 application Tripper combined with VivatB at a dose of 500 ml·ha-1 and reproductive phase of grain filling, 2 application Apport at a dose of 500 g·ha-1 gave the best results.
Highlights
Brazil is the world’s second largest producer of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
The use of Tonik® combined with Nodumax® and PreventCoMo® for seed treatment resulted in a higher number of emerged plants
During the initial stage, seed treatment with Tonik® combined with Nodumax® and PreventCoMo® resulted in the highest plant height, stem diameter, root length, root width, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight and leaf water potential and a higher grain yield
Summary
Brazil is the world’s second largest producer of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merril). The twelfth Brazilian grain harvest survey estimates that the planted area for the 2015/16 harvest will reach 58.15 million hectares, representing an overall increase of 215.7 thousand hectares (0.4%) from the previous harvest of 57.93 million hectares. Soybean crops correspond to 57% of the cultivated area in Brazil and are the main crop responsible for this increase. Because continued soybean cultivation has decreased the availability of some micronutrients in all Brazilian soils over the years, the soybean yield is commonly observed to respond positively to fertilization with micronutrients [3] [4]. Nutrients applied to the soil are affected by several soil factors, such as texture and bulk density, which may decrease their availability for plant uptake. These factors may be responsible for the success of complementation with foliar fertilization, especially when applied at critical moments (i.e., during periods of higher plant demand) [5]
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