Use of Fleshings-Derived Collagen in Chrome Tanning Process

Abstract

The manufacturing process to transform hides into leather requires a series of chemical and mechanical operations. Fleshings represent one of the most important byproduct of the leather compartment. They are mainly constituted of raw collagen and through an alkaline hydrolysis a collagenous solution is obtained. In this work, an experimental activity research was performed for assessing the feasibility of the reuse of the collagen hydrolizate solution in the tanning phase. The hydrolizate has been used in combination with chromium salts to obtain bovine upper leather up to a dosage of 20% of solution (68% dry protein matter content) on the fleshed hide weight. Following a laboratory scale screening of the optimal operating conditions, crust leathers have been obtained on pilot scale. The final leather shows similar properties to those of the traditionally tanned leather in terms of technical and mechanical properties. Furthermore, a dry tannage is feasible, thus avoiding the production of effluents, and it is possible to adopt a retannage/dyeing/fatliquoring characterized by a lower consumption of chemicals in comparison with the standard procedure. The results obtained indicate the use of the collagen hydrolizate in the tanning phase as an interesting route for valorisation of fleshings.