Use of fertility drugs in early-onset female cancer survivors-A Finnish register-based study on 8,929 survivors.

Abstract

Advances in multimodality cancer treatments have increased the risk of long-term complications in early-onset cancer survivors. For female cancer survivors, these include diminished reproductive function, often resulting in a narrowed fertile window. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of fertility treatments in cancer survivors (aged 0-39 years at diagnosis) compared to siblings. Data from Finnish registers on cancer, birth and prescribed medications were merged to identify 8,929 survivors and 9,495 siblings without previous deliveries. Fertility drug purchases from 1993 to 2012 at the age of 16-41 years were included. A Poisson regression model was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the use of fertility drugs, adjusting for age and calendar time at fertility drug purchase. Fertility treatments were more common in survivors compared to siblings, as 6.1% of survivors compared to 3.8% of siblings had bought fertility drugs (IRR 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-1.65). A subclassification of fertility treatments into ovulation inductions and assisted reproductive technology (ART), showed increased use of ART (IRR 2.41, 95% CI 1.97-2.96), whereas the use of ovulation induction was similar in survivors and siblings. Analyses by calendar time periods showed the use of ART to be significantly higher in the most recent decade, from 2003 onwards. We conclude that cancer survivors have an increased risk for subfertility, which is why fertility counseling is important. However, our results mirror a more active approach among clinicians towards fertility treatments in cancer survivors during the most recent years.