Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the dietary supplementation of a commercial Saluto® compound containing essential oils extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and pepper (Capsicum sp.) on breeding performance of female and male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment had a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm of essential oil supplementation) and four repetitions during the breeding season of Nile tilapia. The apparent feed conversion, daily weight gain, condition factor, hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, egg diameter, relative fecundity, egg weight, larvae yield, hatching rate, blood calcium and blood glucose levels were analyzed. In the correlations of variables at the female reproductive peak no statistical differences were found for the reproductive parameters and quality of the larvae. The nutritional additive inclusion did not impair reproductive parameters during the 120 days of evaluation, and inclusions above 50 ppm promoted an increase in the hepatosomatic index of Nile tilapia females during the reproductive season.
Highlights
Nutrition may affect fish reproduction and gonadal development (Navarro et al, 2009), the number and quality of oocytes and sperm (Navarro et al, 2010), as well as the animals health
The use of essential oils may support the healthy development of Nile tilapia breeders, as the intensification of the farming systems enhances fish exposure to opportunistic organisms and subsequent incidence of pathogens
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the dietary supplementation with a commercial additive containing essential oils of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), and pepper (Capsicum sp.) extracts on female and male Nile tilapia breeders on various growth and reproductive performance parameters
Summary
Nutrition may affect fish reproduction and gonadal development (Navarro et al, 2009), the number and quality of oocytes and sperm (Navarro et al, 2010), as well as the animals health. Antibiotics are commonly used to ensure farmed animal health, which in turn may promote the selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria, change the microbiota of farming environments, and generate the potential transfer of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria to humans (Hölmstrom et al, 2003) In this regard, nutritional and health strategies should be developed and implemented in aquaculture, to provide good quality offsprings sanitarily safe for subsequent use. The search for growth promoters that do not lead to bacterial resistance or result in residues in fish meat has led research on the use of natural products (Meurer et al, 2009a) In this sense, the use of essential oils may support the healthy development of Nile tilapia breeders, as the intensification of the farming systems enhances fish exposure to opportunistic organisms and subsequent incidence of pathogens
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