Abstract
Preserving the beam brightness and emittance during acceleration for high energy collider operation is a long-standing challenge for synchrotron injectors. Radio-frequency manipulation schemes used to produce bright bunches in these synchrotrons are often responsible for both beam loss and for the emittance dilution; the impact of such effects becomes the main obstacle to improve the collider luminosity. We have developed a scheme for acceleration of intense beam bunches of large longitudinal emittance using two rf systems. The development of such a method primarily came about to improve the overall injection to extraction efficiency of the antiproton beam in the Main Injector used for the proton-antiproton collider operation of the Tevatron at Fermilab. This technique is quite general and can be applied at other facilities. Multiparticle beam dynamics simulations of the scheme have shown that one can eliminate the beam loss and minimize the emittance growth. The scheme has been demonstrated with beam experiments in the Main Injector using the 2.5 and 53 MHz rf systems with harmonic ratio of $1\ensuremath{\mathbin:}21$.
Highlights
Producing low emittance bright beam bunches and preserving their properties during acceleration in high energy injector synchrotrons has been one of the major challenges for hadron colliders [1,2,3]
Several bunches of beam particles with low emittance are added together to form a more intense bunch at some intermediate energy by rf manipulation in one of the preaccelerators prior to the collider synchrotron. These rf manipulations have become the main source of longitudinal emittance dilution and in some cases significant beam loss
In the case of the proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab, the currently adopted antiproton beam manipulation scheme [2,4 –6] in the Main Injector [7] is responsible for beam loss and emittance growth prior to injection into the Tevatron
Summary
Producing low emittance bright beam bunches and preserving their properties during acceleration in high energy injector synchrotrons has been one of the major challenges for hadron colliders [1,2,3]. The final antiproton bunches required for the Tevatron are generated by a multibunch coalescing process at 150 GeV [4 –6] in the Main Injector. This intensity will be about twice the maximum antiproton bunch intensity seen so far from the Accumulator or from the Recycler (as of December 2006) These problems have motivated us to develop a new technique of beam acceleration in the Main Injector. In this paper a new scheme [12,16] for acceleration of bright antiproton bunches of large longitudinal emittance is described and demonstrated using beam. In the last section we make a few comments and summarize the results
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