Abstract
The construction and realization of port structures (quays and dykes) require a huge consumption of materials, especially concrete, this material consumes a large amount of materials including large quantities of sand, and to overcome the shortage of materials used in the formulation of concrete, We have considered the development of alternative solutions including the replacement of ordinary sand by dredged sand from the port of Agadir in the formulations of concrete, each year millions of cubic meters of dredged sand are dredged from Moroccan ports, without ever trying to valorize them.After having demonstrated in a previous work the possibility of using the dredged sand of the port of Agadir in concrete formulations [4], the present work consists in showing the possibility of using this dredged sand of the port of Agadir in concrete formulations able to be used in the construction of tetrapods and this to play the role of concrete port protection works, The concrete formulation studied for the realization of the tetrapods will be based on dredging sand, more precisely 50% of the sand entering in the formulation is dredging sand extracted from the port of Agadir. The possible use of dredging sand in the concrete of the tetrapods will allow to realize enormous gains on the quantities of sand entering in the concrete formulations and thus a lesser consumption of construction materials, and it will also play a more important role in the preservation of the marine environment by avoiding the trapping of the dredging materials.
Highlights
Wave protection structures are structures that protect a port or part of a port against the actions of waves
The use of tetrapods in particular is very widespread, and their fabrication requires large quantities of concrete and subsequently large quantities of sand, which is why it was necessary to look for alternative solutions to substitute sand and why it is proposed subsequently to replace the sand in the concrete formulations with dredging sand extracted from the port of Agadir
By analysing the different constituents of the concrete formulations studied afterwards, as well as the results obtained, we will conclude on the possibility of finding concrete formulations based on dredging sand able to be used in concrete for tetrapods
Summary
Wave protection structures are structures that protect a port or part of a port against the actions of waves (direct attack, crossings, submersion, erosion, etc.). They are man-made structures, except for natural structures which may have the same functions, among these structures are tetrapod dikes, which are structures that provide protection against waves by placing tetrapods in a shell and a core made of riprap. Tetrapods are made of concrete, not reinforced, and have four members with a curved profile designed to minimize the impact of marine flows. The design of the structure allows the blocks to be interlocked, which, when used in masses, allows coastal protection to be reinforced or even to gain surface areas out of the water on the sea. By analysing the different constituents of the concrete formulations studied afterwards, as well as the results obtained, we will conclude on the possibility of finding concrete formulations based on dredging sand able to be used in concrete for tetrapods
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