Abstract
Colistin, or Polymixin E, is a cationic polypeptide antibiotic obtained from Bacillus spp. It was initially used therapeutically in the United States in 1959 but intravenous formulations were gradually abandoned in the early 1980s due to nephrotoxicity concerns. The emergence of bacteria resistant to most classes of commercially available antibiotics and the shortage of new antimicrobial agents with activity against gram-negative microorganisms have led to the reconsideration of polymixins as valuable therapeutic options.
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