Use of cigarette vending machines by minors in Italy.

Abstract

Sirs—Cigarette automatic vending machines were rare in Italy until the early 1990s, and were gradually introduced, mainly in urban areas, over the last decade. We considered the frequency of use of vending machines by minors (aged 13‐17), using data from a survey investigating smoking habits, carried out through seven subsequent waves based on nationally representative samples, conducted between March and May 2003. The samples were selected from telephone lists, within strata of age, sex, geographical area, and size of the municipality of residence, in order to be representative of the general Italian population, and included a total of 7210 individuals. Using a ‘quota’ method (by sex and age, i.e. 13‐14 and 15‐17), a sample was identified of 498 subjects aged 13‐17. Data collection was based on telephone interviews, carried out in about 500 municipalities from all of the 20 Italian regions, using automated data collection instruments. 1 Out of 498 subjects aged 13‐17 interviewed, 60 (12%) were current cigarette smokers, with an average daily consumption of 7.1 cigarettes. Of these, 87% bought their cigarettes themselves, 94% from stores and 35% from vending machines (27% at least twice per week; the proportion is over 100% since some subjects reported both). In Italy, tobacco stores are allowed to sell cigarettes to minors aged 16 and over. Overall, automatic vending machines accounted for 15% of tobacco sales to Italian minors (22% in the North, 10% in the Centre, 7% in the South of the country). Although these figures are relatively unstable, given the small number of smokers interviewed who were minors, they confirm the interest of the tobacco industry and distribution aimed at tobacco sales to minors, 2,3 and indicate that a considerable proportion of cigarette consumption by minors in Italy is linked to automatic vending machines. Consequently, to restrict sales to the youngest, from 2004 vending machines will be closed in Italy between 7 a.m. and 11 p.m., following an agreement between the Minister of Health and the National Tobacco Agency (ETI). The large majority of cigarettes are however sold in stores, and intervention at this level is also required, with an extension to 18 years of the age limit for buying cigarettes.