Abstract
To evaluate the nutritional quality of the shrimp by-products four approximately isonitrogenous (32 ± 2% crude protein) diets containing different types of shrimp waste meal were fed to duplicate groups of ten fry with an initial mean weight 1.43 ± 0.22g /fish for forty two (42) days. Fishes fed with diet D had the highest mean weight gain (MWG) and specific growth rate (SGR) and those fed with the control diet A had the lowest MWG and SGR. There were no noticeable change in food conversion ratio (FCR) of the fishes fed with diets B, C and D which are significantly different from the FCR of those that fed with control diet A. The survival of fry tilapia ranged from 70 to 100%, being 70% for D, 80% for B, 90% for C and 100% for A. There were no significant differences in body protein content among the fish fed with diets B, C, D and the initial fish. The lowest body protein was obtained in the fish fed with control diet. The tilapia fed with control diet had the highest body lipid content as compared to the initial fish. However, there were no significant differences in body lipid content among the fish fed test diets B, C and D as compared to the initial fish. The variations in body ash content of initial fish and those fed with test diets were significantly different. The initial fish had the highest body ash content.
Highlights
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) is one of the most cultured fish in tropical and subtropical regions in the world
Prawn shell waste protein is rich in essential amino acids (Forster 1975; Penaflorida 1989) and the oil extracted from shrimp head contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) essential for fish and shellfish (Joseph & Meyers 1975; Joseph & Williams 1975)
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the nutritional value of the diets with respect to weight gain, survival and carcass composition in a feeding trial with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758)
Summary
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) is one of the most cultured fish in tropical and subtropical regions in the world. Tilapia production (except Africa) was 2.4 million metric tons in 2008 representing 8% of the total freshwater and brackish water fish production (FAO, 2010). Tilapia production in Senegal was only 200 metric tons in 2010 (NAA, 2011). Shrimp world production was 6 million tons in 2006 (FAO, 2009). In Senegal, shrimp production was estimated to be 4657 metric tons (DPM, 2009). The shellfish-processing industry in Senegal generates about 2794.2 metric tons of waste per year. Prawn shell waste protein is rich in essential amino acids (Forster 1975; Penaflorida 1989) and the oil extracted from shrimp head contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) essential for fish and shellfish (Joseph & Meyers 1975; Joseph & Williams 1975). Enhanced nutritional value and digestibility of fermented shrimp head waste by fish was reported by Plascencia-Jatomea et al (2002) and Nwanna (2003). Synowiecki & Al-Khateeb (2000) revealed that shrimp head waste contents high chitin (11%, dry weight basis)
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