Use of Artificial Intelligence in Implementing Mainstream Precision Medicine to Improve Traditional Symptom-driven Practice of Medicine: Allowing Early Interventions and Tailoring better-personalised Cancer Treatments

Abstract

AbstractCancer was until recently considered a homogenous disease with clearly defined boundaries based on the organ involved and the TNM stage of a tumour. Current challenges in cancer treatment include the shortage of expertise, delay in diagnosis, inaccurate quantitative staging and variable treatment response. An improvement in the understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer, tumour microenvironment and metastatic pathways has led to an increase in the application of precision medicine in the management of malignant tumours. Recent advances in imaging, histopathological analysis, genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics have increased the volume of information available to guide personalised management of patients diagnosed with cancer. The ability to combine demographic, clinical, radiologic and genomic findings has made the application of precision medicine in the management of cancer more feasible. This chapter will report on the current uses of AI in the management of common malignancies and how it would facilitate the implementation of mainstream precision medicine for screening, early diagnosis and personalised treatment of common solid and haematological malignancies.KeywordsArtificial IntelligenceInterventionOncologyPrecision MedicineTailored treatment