Abstract

In recent years, there has been an amplified focus on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various domains to resolve complex issues. Likewise, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is growing while radically changing the face of healthcare delivery. AI is being employed in a myriad of settings including hospitals, clinical laboratories, and research facilities. AI approaches employing machines to sense and comprehend data like humans has opened up previously unavailable or unrecognised opportunities for clinical practitioners and health service organisations. Some examples include utilising AI approaches to analyse unstructured data such as photos, videos, physician notes to enable clinical decision making; use of intelligence interfaces to enhance patient engagement and compliance with treatment; and predictive modelling to manage patient flow and hospital capacity/resource allocation. Yet, there is an incomplete understanding of AI and even confusion as to what it is? Also, it is not completely clear what the implications are in using AI generally and in particular for clinicians? This chapter aims to cover these topics and also introduce the reader to the concept of AI, the theories behind AI programming and the various applications of AI in the medical domain.

Highlights

  • There has been an immense amount of discussion in recent years about the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and the implication of its application in various domains

  • Other nations and global corporations have invested into AI programming and creation of innovative AI applications [6–8]

  • These advances have helped in the deployment of sophisticated algorithms designed to resolve problems that could not have been addressed by AI applications in the past

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Summary

Introduction

There has been an immense amount of discussion in recent years about the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and the implication of its application in various domains. The concept of AI is not new and can be traced back to Ramon Llull’s theory of a reasoning machine in 1300 CE and even Aristotle’s syllogisms in 300 BC [1, 2]. It is only since the 1950s, clearer definitions and practical applications have been formulated [3, 4]. Other nations and global corporations have invested into AI programming and creation of innovative AI applications [6–8]. Building on this trend, institutions are increasingly paying attention to application of AI in healthcare. This chapter covers these issues and how they apply to healthcare and what is for the use of AI in healthcare?

Definition
Intelligent agent
AI tools
AI in healthcare
History of use of AI in healthcare
Application of AI techniques in healthcare
Future trends and application of AI in healthcare
Findings
Challenges
Conclusion
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