Use of apixaban and rivaroxaban in young adults with acute venous thromboembolism: a multi-center retrospective case series.

Abstract

Since 2012 four direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE). Clinical trials comparing DOACs to warfarin included more than 13,500 patients. However, included patients were all age 39years or older. We sought to describe real-world use of DOACs among young adults with acute VTE. Multi-center retrospective case series of young adult patients (age 18-40years) at two large academic medical centers who initiated any DOAC for VTE therapy in 2015 or 2016. Thrombotic and bleeding events as well as off-label drug use were described using summary statistics. Fifty-seven patients were identified (63.2% female). One of the 57 patients (1.8%) had a thromboembolic event. Seven of the 57 patients (12.3%) experienced a bleeding event, one categorized as a major bleed and six being categorized as clinically relevant non-major bleeding. One of the ten (10%) patients receiving apixaban was not initiated on the FDA-recommended 10mg twice daily for the first 7days. Seven of the 47 (14.9%) patients receiving rivaroxaban were not initiated on the FDA-recommended 15mg twice daily dosing for the first 21days. Bleeding occurred in approximately 14% of young adult patients treated with DOAC therapy. However, only one patient had their DOAC discontinued due to a major bleeding event. Recurrence of DVT while on DOAC therapy was rare.