Use of Ant Algorithms to Optimize Pedestrian Communication Routes with the Application of GIS Tools: A Case Study of Olsztyn

Abstract

The authors describe the rules for the use of qualitative research methods and optimization in conjunction with GIS tools to assess and optimize the pedestrian communication. Research was carried out on a part of the urban space, which is characterized by large and visible population trends. The analysis that was carried out resulted in creating cartographic imaging of the pedestrian communication system state in the urban space, its consistency and to provide directions for its modernization. The simplest example of a system that resembles the behaviour of ants is the system of pedestrian communication. This system has the features of self-organization, a permanent and flexible response to changes in a short period of time. Therefore, it is a perfect example of the system that can be optimized with the use of the so-called ant algorithms. The aim of this paper is to present the applicability of methods based on ant systems, which can be used for searching the optimum agent passage routes according to the imposed selection criteria. The communication function is one of the most important functions of urbanized areas. Communication routes define the city plan and undoubtedly influence spatial perception and usefulness, introduce movement into space and at the same time enable learning about space. Because of the rising urbanization level and accumulation of spatial functions, communication organization is an important task, often determining spatial usefulness. The problem of communication organization results, among others, from the rising number of space users, which requires the adaptation of the communication infrastructure to their needs.