Abstract

Through-the-scope (TTS) clipping devices have been available for nearly 20 years, and applications include the treatment of GI bleeding, closure of perforations and fistulae, and anchoring of feeding tubes. 1 Raju G.S. Gajula L. Endoclips for GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59: 267-279 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (173) Google Scholar , 2 Qadeer M.A. Dumot J.A. Vargo J.J. et al. Endoscopic clips for closing esophageal perforations: case report and pooled analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007; 66: 605-611 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (112) Google Scholar , 3 Chuttani R. Barkun A. Carpenter S. et al. Endoscopic clip application devices. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006; 63: 746-750 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (86) Google Scholar , 4 Mangiavillano B. Viaggi P. Masci E. Endoscopic closure of acute iatrogenic perforations during diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract using metallic clips: a literature review. J Dig Dis. 2010; 11: 12-18 Crossref PubMed Scopus (84) Google Scholar Although these devices are relatively inexpensive and easy to use, they have limited opening widths and closing strengths and are usually ineffective in the setting of fibrotic tissue.

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