Abstract
Abstract Photoelastic materials and Photoelasticity have been very effective in the study of the effects of stress and strain in materials such as iron, steel, concrete, etc. However, mainly because of human interaction, systematic errors are introduced during the measurement process, which directly affects the final result. When using small photoelastic samples, these types of errors can escalate due to the increased difficulty of handling. Intending to minimize systematic errors in the process of data collection, this work presents the use of an automatic loading device, developed by us, to apply mechanical stresses in small photoelastic samples. The device created has shown great effectiveness in photoelastic applications that uses a transmission polariscope, but it can also be used in other photoelastic techniques, such as reflection photoelasticity, as well as in other areas of optics such as Holography and Speckle. An important benefit is the ease and speed of handling that can improve the organization and quality of the activities in labs of optics.
Highlights
Photoelastic materials and Photoelasticity are alternatives in the study of material properties such as elasticity modulus and Poisson’s coefficient1,2
This huge interest in photoelasticity comes from the transparency and high flexibility the photoelastic materials show, which allows the observation of the phenomenon of temporary double refraction by polarization, or birefringence, first described by Erasmus Batholinus in the 19th century7,8 and associated with the state of stress and deformation of the material by David Brewster9
Photoelasticity is a subarea of optics that studies the internal effects caused by external forces on samples of photoelastic materials using polarized light10,11
Summary
Photoelastic materials and Photoelasticity are alternatives in the study of material properties such as elasticity modulus and Poisson’s coefficient. Photoelastic materials are widely used in industry for indirect determination of properties of materials such as iron, steel, concrete etc., or in the dentistry for the study of maxillary stresses distributions due to chewing forces. Photoelastic materials are widely used in industry for indirect determination of properties of materials such as iron, steel, concrete etc., or in the dentistry for the study of maxillary stresses distributions due to chewing forces5,6 This huge interest in photoelasticity comes from the transparency and high flexibility the photoelastic materials show, which allows the observation of the phenomenon of temporary double refraction by polarization, or birefringence, first described by Erasmus Batholinus in the 19th century and associated with the state of stress and deformation of the material by David Brewster. In the 1980s, optical instruments, called polariscopes, composed of combinations of polarizers and wave plates were incorporated into photoelasticity, making it modern and closer to how it is known today
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