Use of an ameroid constrictor ring for gradual occlusion in canine congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts: Review

Abstract

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts may be caused by embryological failure and are related to normal abdominal vascular development. They are noteworthy due to the higher prevalence of portosystemic vascular shunts and small to miniature breeds are the most affected. In this literature review, we carefully compiled in international articles in the field on the use of the ameroid constrictor ring in surgery for the gradual occlusion of unique congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. In this sense, aspects of pathophysiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical symptoms and technical aspects regarding the surgical area were addressed. It is concluded that the use of the constrictor ring becomes a safe and highly recommended method, resulting in low rates of morbidity and mortality and prolonged postoperative survival in dogs.