Abstract
Abstract Background: Salicylic acid participates in the regulation of the plant's response to a series of environmental stresses such as extreme temperatures, salinity, and oxidative condition of potato production, so it is necessary to determine a safe application dosage for potato in field conditions. Methods: The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effect of increasing doses of acetylsalicylic acid on the agronomic traits of two potato cultivars in Lima, Peru. In a field experiment, an RCBD with 3 replications was used under a split-plot arrangement in which five doses (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mM) of acetylsalicylic acid plus control with Biol (biostimulant) were assigned to plots, and two potato cultivars ('Perricholi' and 'Única') were assigned to subplots. The average temperatures were between 15 and 21°C, the air relative humidity between 61 and 73% and the soil was loam textural class, free of salts. Results: Statistical differences ( p <0.05) were found between the two potato cultivars for most of the characters studied. The effects of doses of acetylsalicylic acid showed statistical differences for sprouting, vegetative vigor, and percentage of flowering; likewise, significant interactions ( p <0.05) were shown between potato cultivars and dose of acetylsalicylic acid for the number of stems per plant and percentage of flowering, which would indicate a specific effect for the dose of acetylsalicylic acid in each potato cultivar. Conclusion: No dose of the product significantly affected the potato yield in two potato cultivars however, the effect of the dosage of acetylsalicylic acid improved the performance of the crop in terms of sprouting in the field, vegetative vigor, a greater number of stems per plant as well as stimulation of flowering, with respect to control.
Highlights
IntroductionSalicylic acid (SA) is a molecule related to the stress response in plants (Hayat and Ahmad, 2007) and considered a candidate for exogenous applications as an activator of induced systemic resistance
This region is the center of origin of the potato and its wild relatives, so it is convenient to develop new agronomic management technologies with less impact on the ecosystem since the use of chemical pesticides in the potato is increasing in developing countries as farmers intensify production (FAO 2008a)
The virtues of the potato, in particular its great nutritional value and its ability to increase farmers' income, have not received the attention they deserve from governments, it is necessary to invest in new technologies with the potential to reduce crop risks (FAO, 2008b), as climate change has a significant effect on the magnitude and frequency of the incidence of pests and diseases in potato (Quiroz et al 2018)
Summary
Salicylic acid (SA) is a molecule related to the stress response in plants (Hayat and Ahmad, 2007) and considered a candidate for exogenous applications as an activator of induced systemic resistance. The results of numerous investigations conducted over the last two decades have shown that SA plays an important role in various aspects of defense responses after a pathogen attack (Vlot et al, 2009). These include, among others, the activation of cell death, the expression of pathogen resistance proteins, as well as the induction of local and systemic resistance to diseases (Hayat and Ahmad, 2007)
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