Abstract
This study evaluated the osteogenic capacity of a new fibrin sealant (FS) combined with bone graft and laser irradiation in the bone repair. Defects were created in the skull of 30 rats and filled with autogenous graft and FS derived from snake venom. Immediately after implantation, low-power laser was applied on the surgical site. The animals were divided in: control group with autogenous graft (G1), autogenous graft and laser 5 J/cm2 (G2), autogenous graft and laser 7 J/cm2 (G3), autogenous graft and FS (G4), autogenous graft, FS and laser 5 J/cm2 (G5), autogenous graft, FS and laser 7 J/cm2 (G6). The animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after implant. Results showed absence of inflammatory infiltrate in the bone defect. New bone formation occurred in all groups, but it was most intense in G6. Thus, the FS and laser 7 J/cm2 showed osteoconductive capacity and can be an interesting resource to be applied in surgery of bone reconstruction.
Highlights
Autogenous bone grafting is used for the treatment of congenital deformities, traumatic injuries and tumors of the craniomaxillofacial skeleton because of its clinical advantages, such as compatibility of the new tissue formed at the implant site, absence of immune rejection, supply of osteoprogenitor cells that immediately stimulate bone regeneration, and biomechanical ability to withstand loads
The bone defect was filled with a 3-mm bone fragment removed from the right parietal bone, which served as autogenous bone graft and implanted in the center of the receptor bone defect (Fig. 1)
The autogenous graft was not incorporated as indicated by presence of connective tissue in the bone-autogenous graft interface
Summary
Autogenous bone grafting is used for the treatment of congenital deformities, traumatic injuries and tumors of the craniomaxillofacial skeleton because of its clinical advantages, such as compatibility of the new tissue formed at the implant site, absence of immune rejection, supply of osteoprogenitor cells that immediately stimulate bone regeneration, and biomechanical ability to withstand loads. Biomaterials used for tissue healing should be inert, degradable and resorbable, and should favor cell growth without any associated complication. Various materials fulfilling these requirements have been tested for bone reconstruction [4]. A new fibrin sealant derived from an enzyme obtained from snake venom and fibrinogen extracted from large animals was developed for tissue regeneration. This new fibrin sealant acts as a substrate for cell growth and shows total biocompatibility, as demonstrated by researches in animals and humans [812]. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the osteogenic and healing capacity of this new fibrin sealant in combination with autogenous bone grafts and laser irradiation during the healing of experimentally induced skull defects in rats
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