Use of a Common, Inter-Sectoral Template for Observer Reports of Crises

Abstract

Introduction:The use of a common template for observer studies is a way of structuring the experiences gained (lessons observed and learned) from such studies. This facilitates the comparison of reports within one's own field as well as between different sectors. It also facilitates the implementation of joint observer activities and joint observer reports, promoting more comprehensive and holistic learning from the events.Methods:Using the Utstein method for studying disasters and the Swedish Disaster Medicine study organization (KAMEDO) as an inspiration, a number of Swedish governmental authorities and organizations compiled a template for presenting standardized observer reports. The following tides have been identified to be included: (1) Tide; (2) Preface; (3) Observers and Authors; (4) Summary and Experiences; (5) Introduction/Material and Methods; (6) Hazard; (7) Background (including pre-event status and preparedness); (8) Event; (9) Damage; (10) Disturbances; (11) Responses; (12) Recovery and Development; (13) Discussion; (14) References; (15) Appendices; (16) Keywords; (17) Index; and (18) Abbreviations.Results:This template has been used successfully for observer studies within the health sector (evacuation of Swedes from the war in Lebanon, 2006, a power supply failure at a major university hospital in Stockholm, 2007), within the food sector (Cryptosporidium contamination of water supply in Ireland, 2007, consequences for water supply from floods in the UK, 2007, sewage contamination of water supply in Finland, 2007) and within crisis management and rescue services sectors (floods in the UK, 2007, sewage contamination of water supply in Finland, 2007, wild fires in California, 2007)Conclusions:The use of a common, standardized template for the documentation of lessons observed and learned from major disasters/crises has proven useful. In addition to enhancing the completeness and learning value of the reports, it also has proven to be a useful tool for stimulating intra-sectoral cooperation and learning.