Abstract
Background: The use of 3D imaging offers the possibility to improve diagnosis and treatment planning in several fields of dental science. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of 3D evaluation for surgical exposure treatment planning in cases of impacted canine. Methods: This retrospective study has been conducted on the clinical reports of twenty patients (11 F - 9 M) with a mean age of 15.4 years, affected by the impacted canine. Each patient underwent a CBCT exam (Hitachi MercuRay, Hitachi Medical Technology, Tokyo, Japan), in order to obtain sagittal, axial and coronal images and a 3D surface rendering. The images have been evaluated by 14 experts orthodontists who were divided into two groups. The first group first evaluates the bidimensional images and then the 3D images and the second group instead has done exactly the opposite. Each orthodontist has elaborated a treatment plan for the impacted canine correction with a specific indication about surgical exposure approach (Palatal-Vestibular) and orthodontic biomechanics. Results: The level of concordance in treatment planning of the 3D images evaluation and the bidimensional images was found to be greater in the second group of orthodontists. Moreover, in this group, the time spent for the treatment plan has been lower than in the first group (12 ± 3.32 min vs. 23 ± 2.53 min, p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it is possible to state that CBTC is fundamental for the diagnosis and treatment planning of impacted canine. However, further studies are necessary to confirm the greater reliability of 3D surface rendering compared to the bidimensional images.
Highlights
Permanent teeth eruption represents the final step of a complex series of events controlled by genetic and epigenetic patterns
According to the results of the present study, it is possible to state that CBTC is fundamental for the diagnosis and treatment planning of impacted canine
The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of 3D virtual imaging of dental elements for the treatment planning in cases of impacted canine [12, 13]
Summary
Permanent teeth eruption represents the final step of a complex series of events controlled by genetic and epigenetic patterns. Tooth bud, after coronal development, erupts in oral cavity reaching the occlusal plane. At this point, the dental element is affected by occlusal and masticatory stresses, active eruption breaks. It is necessary that permanent teeth go along the physiologic way of the eruption, reabsorbing the root of the deciduous tooth. Several local or systemic factors can get in the way of permanent teeth eruption producing dental impaction [1]. The genetic component of tooth impaction can be investigated by evaluating the associated dental anomalies. The impacted teeth can be infact associated to other dental anomalies and in particular with tooth transposition and supernumerary tooth [2]. The use of 3D imaging offers the possibility to improve diagnosis and treatment planning in several fields of dental science
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