Usage of different planting schemes for mini-tubers potato growing under North Ossetia-Alania republic conditions

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of different planting schemes of the base lines on the quantitative yield of mini-tubers in the conditions of Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The object of the research was microplants and microtubers of new promising potato varieties Gulliver, Sadon and Varyag. The experiments were carried out in 2020-2022, laid on a peat substrate using planting patterns 25x25 cm in plastic pots, 25x30 and 25x15 cm in the ground. Growing mini-tubers according to the scheme 25x25 cm in pots contributed to the formation of from 139.4 to 155.5 pcs/m2 with a standard seed fraction yield of 88-94%. An increase in the nutrition area as a result of planting the base lines into the soil according to the 25x30 cm scheme reduced the number of formed mini-tubers by 19.4-49,0 pcs/m2 with a standard yield of 77-85%. According to the 25x15 cm scheme, the total yield of mini-tubers increased by 19-35 pieces/m2, but the yield of the standard fraction decreased to 57-74%. In the original seed production of potatoes, an important indicator in the cultivation of mini-tubers is the yield of a fraction of more than 20 mm in transverse diameter. The maximum yield of mini-tubers with such dimensional characteristics was noted when planting micro-plants according to the scheme 25x25 cm - 113.7 pcs/m2. The use of micro-tubers according to this scheme reduced the number of mini-tubers with a fraction of more than 20 mm to 91.7 pcs/m2 or by 19%. As a result of applying the schemes of 25x30 and 25x15 cm, the quantitative yield of mini-tubers with a fraction of more than 20 mm did not depend on the origin of the base lines and amounted to 58.5-65.6 pcs/m2. Based on the studied planting schemes in protected ground in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the maximum yield of mini-tubers with the best dimensional characteristics was obtained as a result of planting the base lines according to the 25x25 cm scheme in plastic pots. Reducing the feeding area according to the 25x15 cm scheme reduced the yield of mini-tubers of a fraction of more than 20 mm by 1.8-1.9 times.