Abstract
Mycotoxin management in agriculture is an essential challenge for maintaining the health of both animals and humans. Choosing the right adsorbent is still a question for many breeders and an important criterion for feed manufacturers. New adsorbents are still being sought. Graphene oxide is a promising material in the field of nanotechnology, which excels in its adsorption properties. Presented in vitro study investigates graphene oxide for the binding of mycotoxins from crushed wheat. The results show that graphene oxide has an adsorption capacity for aflatoxin 0.045 mg/g, zearalenone 0.53 mg/g and deoxynivalenol 1.69 mg/g at 37° C. In vitro simulation of crushed wheat digestion showed rapid adsorption during the gastric phase. Of the minerals, Mg, Cu and Zn were the most adsorbed. The applied dose of graphene oxide of 10 mg/g caused only a slight inhibition of the digestive enzymes α-amylase and trypsin compared to pepsin and gastric lipase. In vitro results indicated the suitability of graphene oxide in the adsorption of the aflatoxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol.
Highlights
Mycotoxins are a chemically broad group of compounds characterized by low molecular weight
DON, AFB1 and ZEA was purchased from MyBioSource (San Diego, USA). α-Amylase, Lipase, Bile bovine, Pancreatin, Pepsin, Trypsin-chymotrypsin inhibitor, Hemoglobin, 4-Bromophenylboronic acid, tributyrin, p-Toluene-sulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester, and other chemicals unless noted otherwise were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid was purchased from Thermofisher Scientific (Waltham, USA)
The present study was designed to determine the efficiency of graphene oxide (GO) as a mycotoxin adsorbent
Summary
Mycotoxins are a chemically broad group of compounds characterized by low molecular weight. They are usually produced by moulds, especially species Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium. There are many species, only a few are monitored [1] These species pose a health risk to both humans and livestock, and their occurrence causes considerable economic damage every year. The most involved are aflatoxins (AFB1), fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes and zearalenone (ZEA) [1,2,3]. Their presence in the feed may occur before, after harvest, during storage and transport of crops. Clinical signs of intoxication include gastrointestinal dysfunction, anaemia, reduction in the production parameters, reduced weight gain, lower feed efficiency and increased sensitivity to environmental and microbial stressors [7,8,9,10,11]
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