UROLOGICAL MALIGNANCY DIAGNOSIS BY USING STANDARD PROTOCOL OF INVESTIGATION FOR HAEMATURIA

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OBJECTIVE: To diagnose the urological malignancy by using standard protocol of investigation forHaematuria.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of surgery SaiduTeaching Hospital Swat from Jan 2005 to Dec 2008. The Standard protocol of investigating haematuriaincluded flexible cyctoscopy, urine cytology and culture, upper renal trac: imaging, consisting of renal tractultrasound scan, radiograph of Kidney, Ureter , Bladder (KUB) and intravenous urogram (IVU) in patientswhere needed.RESULTS: total of 455 patients were included in this study; 330 (72.52%) were males and 125 (27.47%)were females. Frank Haematuria was reported by 155 (34%) patients.(110 males and 45 females). Patientspresenting with microscopic haematuria formed 65.93% (n=300) of the total (220 males and 80 females).Median age was 55 years (20- 90). Malignancy was found in 12.52 % (n=57) of all patients 10.76% (n=49)with frank haematuria and 1.75 % (n=8) of patients with microscopic haematuria.No malignancy was detected under the age of 50 years with microscopic haematuria. Where 2.58% (n=4)under 50 yearswith frank haematuria werediagnosed to have malignancy.CONCLUSIONS: All patients with frank haematuria and those with microscopic haematuria above 50years of age should be fully investigated to rule out urological malignancy. Patients under 50 years of agewith microscopic haematuria have a lower priority for investigation.Keywords; haematuria, malignancy, intravenous urogram (IVU)