Urine Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling Is Associated with the Dietary Pattern of Successful Aging among Malaysian Elderly.

Nik Nur Izzati Nik Mohd Fakhruddin,Nor Fadilah Rajab,Amalina Ahmad Azam,Intan Safinar Ismail,Suzana Shahar

doi:10.3390/nu12102900

Nik Nur Izzati Nik Mohd Fakhruddin, Nor Fadilah Rajab + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12102900

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Abstract

Food intake biomarkers (FIBs) can reflect the intake of specific foods or dietary patterns (DP). DP for successful aging (SA) has been widely studied. However, the relationship between SA and DP characterized by FIBs still needs further exploration as the candidate markers are scarce. Thus, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based urine metabolomics profiling was conducted to identify potential metabolites which can act as specific markers representing DP for SA. Urine sample of nine subjects from each three aging groups, SA, usual aging (UA), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), were analyzed using the 1H-NMR metabolomic approach. Principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied. The association between SA urinary metabolites and its DP was assessed using the Pearson’s correlation analysis. The urine of SA subjects was characterized by the greater excretion of citrate, taurine, hypotaurine, serotonin, and melatonin as compared to UA and MCI. These urinary metabolites were associated with alteration in “taurine and hypotaurine metabolism” and “tryptophan metabolism” in SA elderly. Urinary serotonin (r = 0.48, p < 0.05) and melatonin (r = 0.47, p < 0.05) were associated with oat intake. These findings demonstrate that a metabolomic approach may be useful for correlating DP with SA urinary metabolites and for further understanding of SA development.

Highlights

Metabolomics is a novel scientific discipline focused on the association between disease and metabolic profile in tissue and biofluids, as determined by techniques including 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy
NMR spectra of urines were binned into individual spectra bins accounting for one or more multiplets
The number of spectra bins in each urine was 219, of which 72 bins were assigned to 23 urinary metabolites

Summary

Introduction

Metabolomics is a novel scientific discipline focused on the association between disease and metabolic profile in tissue and biofluids, as determined by techniques including 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. Several pathways are known to be involved in the mechanism of aging, such as free radical production, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory response, all associated with metabolic changes [2,3,4]. Metabolomic profiling can be performed using peripheral tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, Nutrients 2020, 12, 2900; doi:10.3390/nu12102900 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients. The profile of metabolites using serum, plasma, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid in relation to mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease has been widely performed [1,5,6,7,8,9]. There are metabolomic studies related to health span and biological aging in human [10,11,12]. Amino acid metabolites and lipid associated with health span indicator and rate of biological aging.

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