Abstract
Urine proteomics have been an area of interest and recently in Kala-azar as an alternative sample type for serum or plasma. Because of simplicity, noninvasiveness of collection and simpler matrix. Many studies had detected an increased protein excretion in the urine of patients with active Kala-azar due to renal involvement particularly by an immunological related mechanism(s). This study have demonstrated the presence of three different protein profiles in Iraqi children (Patients: including 60 children aged 4-60 months) with defined Kala-azar using the conventional SDS-PAGE on urine samples. Urine protein profile in Kala-azar patients revealed three groups of banding patterns: group-1(33.4)% of the patients show the pattern of 5 bands with a MW. Ranged (512.861-158.489), groups-2, 3 were (55, 11.6) % of the patients showing 2 banding proteins with a MW. ranged (512.861-199.526) , (199.526-181.97) respectively. These findings may be correlated with other epidemiological studies that revealed the presence of different clinical presentations like fever, spleenomegally, hepatomegally, thrombocytopaenia, and different response to leishmania therapy. Furthermore, the presence of different protein patterns may also be related to the chronicity of infection and the degree of renal involvement. The presence of a similar protein band between group-1 and 2 may be of diagnostic purpose and further studies on expanded number of patients are required to identify that kind of protein or other urine protein profiles. 
 Key words: Protein band, protein pattern, sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), urine proteome, visceral leishmaniasis.
Highlights
Visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous hazardous and need skilled personnel and leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica or Leishmania major equipped hospitals some times difficult to be obtained [3]
The detection of Leishmania donovani parasite antigen in the urine samples of patient with active Kala-azar has been demonstrated in a number of studies by immunoblotting [6] ; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [7] ; latex agglutination test (LAT) [8] and direct agglutination test (DAT) [8, 9] .urine samples are more to be collected especially from young children, as well as facilitating field studies [9] .this study aims to demonstrate the presence of variations in protein profiles in a number of Iraqi patients with defined visceral leishmaniasis using the conventional sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in urine samples
Conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been used to differentiate between protein patterns in serum of normal and patients with Kala-azar
Summary
Visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous hazardous and need skilled personnel and leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica or Leishmania major equipped hospitals some times difficult to be obtained [3]. The techniques are painful, On the other hand, the detection of Leishmania donovani parasite antigen in the urine samples of patient with active Kala-azar has been demonstrated in a number of studies by immunoblotting [6] ; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [7] ; latex agglutination test (LAT) [8] and direct agglutination test (DAT) [8, 9] .urine samples are more to be collected especially from young children, as well as facilitating field studies [9] .this study aims to demonstrate the presence of variations in protein profiles in a number of Iraqi patients with defined visceral leishmaniasis using the conventional sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in urine samples
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
