Urinary levels of phthalate, bisphenol, and paraben and allergic outcomes in children: Korean National Environmental Health Survey 2015–2017

Abstract

BackgroundPhthalates, bisphenols and parabens have been widely used in household and personal-care products. Their endocrine disrupting, sensitizing and antimicrobial properties might play a role in the occurrence of allergic diseases. However, the effects of these chemicals, particularly on humans, are relatively underexplored. ObjectivesThis study aimed to report the concentrations of phthalate, bisphenol and paraben in urine of Korean children, and assess their relationship with allergic outcomes. MethodsData obtained from nationally representative Korean children, a total of 1458 children between 3 and 11 years of age recruited in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (3 rd round of KoNEHS 2015–2017), were analyzed. Associations of urinary phthalate metabolites, bisphenols, and parabens levels with atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis was examined by grouped into preschool (aged 3–5 years) and school children (aged 6–11 years). Allergic outcomes were obtained through questionnaires answered by their caregivers. ResultsAtopic dermatitis was associated with urinary metabolites of DEHP, BzBP, DINP, and DIDP, and MeP and PrP in preschool children, BPA and PrP in school children. Allergic rhinitis was associated with MeP and PrP in preschool children, and metabolites of DEHP, MeP and PrP in school children. The association of urinary chemicals with atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis were different by gender, especially in preschool children. ConclusionUrinary phthalates, BPA and parabens levels in the Korean children were related with atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis. Considering the importance of allergic diseases in children, the public health implications of exposure to these chemicals warrant further studies. Given the cross-sectional design and confounding variables, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution.