Urinary Incontinence in Women Living in Nursing Homes: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence, the
 distribution of the type of urinary incontinence and related risk factors
 in women older than 50 years.
 Method: This is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Two
 hundred and seventy eight women older than 50 years old living in
 nursing home were interviewed using the Questionnaire for Urinary
 Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) that has been translated and validated.
 The prevalence will be presented in the form of percentage;
 while the relationship between risk factors and the incidence or urinary incontinence will be analyzed using Chi square test or Fisher’s
 exact test, as appropriate, and multivariate analysis.
 Result: Of 278 research subjects, we obtained 95 subjects (34.2%)
 suffering from urinary incontinence. Moreover, the distribution of
 the type is 67 subjects (70.5%) with mixed urinary incontinence, 17
 (17.9%) with stress incontinence and 11 subjects (11.6%) with urge
 incontinence. Body mass index (BMI) showing overweight and obesity
 are not related with the prevalence of urinary incontinence
 (p>0.05), which may be caused by the low number of subjects with
 overweight and obesity. Meanwhile, factors related to urinary incontinence
 are age older than 60 years (OR=7.79, p=0.021), menopause
 10 years (OR=5.08, p=0.004) and multiparity (OR=1.82, p=0.019).
 Based on multivariate analysis, the risk factor of age older than 60
 years is no longer related to urinary incontinence (p>0.05). Thus it
 can be inferred that age older than 60 years is not a singular factor
 causing urinary incontinence but rather a part of a multifactorial
 model.
 Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women living in nursing home is 34.2%; while the distribution of the urinary incontinence is 67 subjects (70.5%) with mixed urinary incontinence, 17 subjects with stress incontinence (17.9%) and 11 subjects (11.6%) with urge incontinence. Risk factors for urinary incontinence are menopause 10 years and multiparity.
 [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 4: 193-198
 Keywords: mixed urinary incontinence, menopause, multiparity,
 prevalence, stress incontinence, urge incontinence, urinary incontinence, Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID)